Hypothetical Hurricanes Wiki

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"This is the beginning of a new revolution." - Philip J. Klotzbach, Colorado State University

Watch the animation of this season here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3maMADsjLwA


The 2023 Atlantic hurricane season was the most destructive and active season on record. In the year of 2023, the season produced 30 named (sub)tropical storms, 20 hurricanes and 8 major hurricanes, mainly from the cause of a late forming La Niña just 2 months prior to the start of the season. It broke several records, including most active season (in terms of accumulated cylone energy), most hurricanes, major hurricanes and named storms in a single season, and abnormal formations. As usual, an Atlantic hurricane season offically begins on June 1 and continues till November 30. However, this season began on May 2, 2023, producing an unnamed subtropical storm, (identifed as a storm during re-analysis in 2024), and ending late on December 19, 2023 with the dissipation of Subtropcial Storm Theta. The season battled through with a record-breaking 8 major hurricanes, 4 of which peaking at Category 5 hurricanes on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Out of the four, Hurricane Iron was the largest, strongest, and longest lived hurricane of the year, that topped off the charts at 200 mph (325 km/h), 867 mbar (hPa), and lived for 21.5 days.

Out of any season since records began in 1851, the 2023 Atlantic hurricane season is by far the most significant. The National Hurricane Center had stated that the amount of activity in the season had a striking occurrence from the result of a large shift of climate change. As a result of a low hurricane season the year before, the season had called for large ranges of storms and hurricanes, calculating 17-23 named storms, 8-13 hurricanes, and 2-6 major hurricanes in the pre- season outlooks. However, after the dissipation of Hurricane Deena, climatologists began monitoring a large shift in warmer sea surface temperatures and lesser wind shear. Furthermore, a strong, late forming La Niña took over its complete form in mid-August, (began its formation in March), meaning that the effects of La Niña were going to be intense and considerable.

Despite the large number of storms making landfall to the United States, no hurricanes made landfall as a major hurricane.

Seasonal forecasts[]

Predictions of tropical activity in the 2023 season
Source Date Named
storms
Hurricanes Major
hurricanes
Average (1981–2010) 12.1 6.4 2.7
Record high activity 30 20 8
Record low activity 4 2 0
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
TSR December 7, 2022 17 9 4
WSI  December 22, 2022 17 9 5
CSU January 10, 2023 19 10 5
NCSU April 12, 2023 18-24 8-13 2-6
UKMO May 15, 2023 18* 8* N/A
NOAA May 24, 2023 18-22 9-12 4-6
FSU COAPS May 30, 2023 18-21 6-10 N/A
CSU June 3, 2023 19 10 5
TSR June 7, 2023 18 9 4
WSI July 10, 2023 18 11 5
CSU August 4, 2023 19 12 4
NOAA August 12, 2023 19-25 10-14 4-6
CSU August 21, 2023 23 15 6
NOAA August 28, 2023 27 18 10
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Actual activity
30 20 8
† Most recent of several such occurrences. (See all)

* June–November only

In advance of, and during, each hurricane season, several forecasts of hurricane activity are issued by national meteorological services, scientific agencies, and noted hurricane experts. These include forecasters from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s National Hurricane and Climate Prediction Center's, Philip J. Klotzbach, William M. Gray and their associates at Colorado State University (CSU), Tropical Storm Risk, and the United Kingdom's Met Office. The forecasts include weekly and monthly changes in significant factors that help determine the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a particular year. As stated by NOAA and CSU, an average Atlantic hurricane season between 1981 and 2010 contains roughly 12 tropical storms, six hurricanes, three major hurricanes, and an Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) Index of 66-103 units. NOAA typically categorizes a season as either above-average, average, of below-average based on the cumulative ACE Index; however, the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a hurricane season is considered occasionally as well.

Pre- season forecasts[]

On December 7, 2022, Tropical Storm Risk (TSR), a public consortium consisting of experts on insurance, risk management, and seasonal climate forecasting at University College London, issued an extended-ranged forecast of a hyperactive (above-average) hurricane season.

Mid- season forecasts[]

Season summary[]

Beta (C3)Iron (C5)Theta (STS)Thirty-Three (TD)Eta (C1)Zeta (C5)Epsilon (TS)Delta (TS)Twenty-Eight (STD)Twenty-Seven (TD)Gamma (C1)Alpha (C1)Weston (TS)Vega (C1)Twenty-One (TD)Tyrone (C1)Sonya (C5)Russell (TS)Pippa (C1)Owen (C4)Nina (C2)Mike (C2)Lilli (C1)Kenny (C1)Jemima (C3)Hana (TS)Grant (C2)Fredine (TS)Edie (TS)Deena (C4)Chester (C5)Bessie (TS)Alec (C1)Unnamed (STS)
Hurricanes of 2023

Six of the eight major hurricanes. Top shows Hurricanes Jemima, Owen, and Deena. Side shows Hurricanes Sonya and Chester. Large photo shows Hurricane Iron.

Storms[]

Storms
SS Unnamed
1 Alec
TS Bessie
 5  Chester
4 Deena
TS Edie
TS Fredine
2 Grant
TS Hana
5 Iron
3 Jemima
1 Kenny
1 Lilli
2 Mike
2 Nina
 4  Owen
1 Pippa
TS Russell
5 Sonya
1 Tyrone
TD 21
1 Vega
TS Weston
1 Alpha
3 Beta
1 Gamma
TD 27
SD 28
TS Delta
TS Epsilon
5 Zeta
1 Eta
TD 33
SS Theta

2023 Atlantic Canada subtropical storm[]

Subtropical storm (SSHWS)
Unnamed Tropical Storm 17 july 1706Z Canada 2023 track
DurationMay 2 – May 5
Peak intensity60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min) 994 mbar (hPa)

On May 2, the NHC (National Hurricane Center) put out a special weather outlook regarding a low pressure area near Atlantic Canada. They noted the thunderstorms and well defined center, but promised the chances of the system transitioning into tropical or subtropical as near 10 percent. Nova Scotia was placed under warnings however due to the threat the system posed towards it and the system made landfall on May 5. It dissipated soon after as a high pressure system and land interaction tore it apart.

On May 10, following post-season analysis, the NHC determined the storm had been subtropical and was the first season of the storm.

Hurricane Alec[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Alec-Sutowe12 Alec 2023 track
DurationJuly 17 – July 21
Peak intensity80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min) 987 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave moved off the western coast of Africa on July 8 and began heading west. On July 15, NHC began monitoring the system, stating that convection and environmental conditions are continuing to make the wave favorable for additional development. On July 17 at 0000 UTC, the system formed into Tropical Depression One. Many hours later, dry air and wind shear from the Saharan Air Layer decreased, upgrading the system to Tropical Storm Alec. Alec moved steadily westward as a result of a diminshing low pressure system somewhat ahead of Alec. Alec absorbed most of the low pressure system and had gained further strength. On July 20 at 00:00 UTC, dry air had decreased, allowing Alec to strengthen into a hurricane. However, later on July 20, a hurricane aircraft reported that the cyclone's closed cirrculation had subsided from coming close to land. Thus, Alec had weakened into a tropical storm after making landfall to Nicaragua. Subsequent from the torrential rainfalls and flash flooding that the system produced on land, Alec's cirrculation neared dissipation. On July 21, Alec became post tropical and dissipated in Central America.


During Alec's existence, more than 120,000 people were evacuated from their homes, which were later destroyed from strong currents. Mudslides destroyed an additional 20,000 homes. 7 people were killed from the flash flooding in Puerto Cabazas and $1.5 million 2023 USD was reported in damages.

Tropical Storm Bessie[]

On July 16, the NHC noted the chances for a low pressure system to form. Soon enough, the system spawned. The system responded quickly to warm waters and strengthened to a Subtropical depression. It later became fully tropical and low wind shear allowed it to strengthen into a Tropical storm.

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Bessieimage Bessie 2023 track
DurationJuly 19 – July 21
Peak intensity40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min) 1005 mbar (hPa)


Hurricane Chester[]

Category 5 hurricane (SSHWS)
Chester2 Chester 2023 track
DurationJuly 31 – August 11
Peak intensity160 mph (260 km/h) (1-min) 913 mbar (hPa)


Hurricane Deena[]

Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
Deena Deena 2023 track
DurationAugust 2 – August 10
Peak intensity150 mph (240 km/h) (1-min) 937 mbar (hPa)


Tropical Storm Edie[]


Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Edie Edie 2023 track
DurationAugust 14 – August 17
Peak intensity60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min) 997 mbar (hPa)


Tropical Storm Fredine[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Fredine Fredine 2023 track
DurationAugust 15 – August 19
Peak intensity60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min) 1000 mbar (hPa)


On late August 14, a non-tropical area of low pressure formed near Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. In the hours continued, the low began showing signs of organization and a closed circulation was being monitored. On August 15 at 1800 UTC, the NHC issued the first advisories for Tropical Depression Six. The system moved steadily northeastward, entering a warmer environment. Surface temperatures of the Gulf Stream Current made the system upgrade to Tropical Storm Fredine. On August 16 at 0600 UTC, NHC issued its archive advisory, stating that the system would turn northward and making landfall to Long Island, New York. However the system experienced a change in windspeed, and a fast moving frontal low interacted with Fredine. At that time Fredine was stronger. It then absorbed the frontal low gaining additional windspeed. Thus a change in direction. On August 17, Fredine entered cooler waters losing strength. The system then turned extratropical later that night. The system would continue moving east at a fast pace soon afftecing Ireland before dissipation. During Fredine's time of existence, no fatalities or damages were reported.

Hurricane Grant[]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
Grant Grant 2023 track
DurationAugust 23 – August 30
Peak intensity100 mph (155 km/h) (1-min) 962 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave off the Cape Verde Islands began its slow formation on late August 20. Later during the week, NHC began issuing advisories for a small tropical depression 1000 miles east of the Lesser Antilles. The disturbance was upgraded to Tropical Storm Grant on August 24. The system began gathering more steam and strength, however the storm had started to experience disorganization, and the tropical storm had split into two separate storms. This resulting in Grant to downgrade to a depression. However, wind shear had decreased and Grant intensified back into a tropical storm one and half days later. The amount of wind shear was brought down through Grant's path and the storm intensified into a Category 1 hurricane for 8 hours. Grant would eventually become a Category 2 hurricane and make landfall to Turks and Caicos. Dramatic storm surge and strong winds were brought to areas surrounding Grant's path. However, in the early hours of August 29, Hurricane Grant had made landfall to Florida as a Category 1 hurricane. The storm would continue to move inland as a tropical storm and bring localized flooding to the southwestern states, Georgia and South Carolina in particular. Grant would loose strength and upper level winds brought the system to a depression over Kentucky. The system became post-tropical and totally dissipated in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

Tropical Storm Hana[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Hana Hana 2023 track
DurationAugust 24 – August 28
Peak intensity65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min) 995 mbar (hPa)

Surface low pressure from splitting Tropical Stom Grant

Hurricane Iron[]

Category 5 hurricane (SSHWS)
Iron Iron 2023 track
DurationAugust 31 – September 21
Peak intensity200 mph (325 km/h) (1-min) 867 mbar (hPa)

A strong tropical wave formed off the coast of West Africa on August 28. The hurricane broke several records. Iron achieved the second highest ACE rating of 81.0, just shy of Hurricane Ioke, the easternmost active and landfalling hurricane out of any in the Atlantic, northernmost forming major hurricane, lowest pressure worldwide, one of the few hurricanes to make landfall to Europe, and the only hurricane to make landfall to France.

Hurricane Jemima[]

Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS)
Jemima Jemima 2023 track
DurationSeptember 3 – September 12
Peak intensity120 mph (195 km/h) (1-min) 950 mbar (hPa)

Tropical wave

Hurricane Kenny[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Kenny Kenny 2023 track
DurationSeptember 7 – September 13
Peak intensity80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min) 983 mbar (hPa)

Non-tropical area of low had formed in the Gulf of Mexico, eventually organizing into Tropical Storm Kenny. Before making landfall in Louisiana, it had become a Category 1 Hurricane, peaking at 80 mph(130 km/h). It weakened and did not become a hurricane again. It weakened as it took a northeast path, officially dissipating near Sweden.

Hurricane Lilli[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Lilli Lilli 2023 track
DurationSeptember 10 – September 14
Peak intensity90 mph (150 km/h) (1-min) 976 mbar (hPa)

Tropical wave

Hurricane Mike[]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
Mike Mike 2023 track
DurationSeptember 14 – September 20
Peak intensity105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min) 965 mbar (hPa)

As the remnants of Hurricane Kenny continued northeastward to the British Isles, a frontal low began to develop on September 12. The low was soon encountered by the remnants of Hurricane Iron as Iron began regenerating into a subtropical cyclone, west-southwest of the Azores. This activity began to give the developing system favorable conditions for further development. On September 14, NHC started placing advisories for Subtropical Depression Thirteen, that would soon generate into a storm by the next morning. On September 15, the depression generated into a subtropical storm, giving it the name "Mike". However, later that night, Mike began to experience disorganization in its center, there after making the system a tropical storm.

Hurricane Nina[]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
Nina Nina 2023 track
DurationSeptember 19 – September 26
Peak intensity105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min) 968 mbar (hPa)

Tropical wave

Hurricane Owen[]

Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
Owen Owen 2023 track
DurationSeptember 25 – October 10
Peak intensity155 mph (250 km/h) (1-min) 925 mbar (hPa)

A strong tropical wave merged from the coast of West Africa on late September 23. The next day, the wave soon became better organized and an air force reconnaissance aircraft investigated the wave, reporting that a closed cirrculation and low, vertical wind shear were defined. The wave was upgraded to Tropical Depression Fifteen at 1200 UTC on September 25 to the southeast of the Cape Verde Islands. The tropical depression quickly became better organized and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Owen at 1800 UTC. According to satellite imagery, forecasters predicted that Owen would steadily move westward and would be become a hurricane in less than 2 days. The tropical storm strengthen from an increase of low dry air on September 26 at 1200 UTC. With sustained winds of 60 mph (95 km/h), Owen entered an unsettling enviroment, causing it to meader around the Cape Verde Islands. 6 hours later, Owen dropped in windspeed and became a low-end tropical storm. However, low wind shear was monitored from the northeast of the system, and the tropical storm strengthened and became better organized. The tropical storm started to experience deep convection, when it instensified into a Category 1 hurricane. Explosive intensification soon took place in Owen's center and the hurricane dropped 38 hPa (1.12 inHg) in just 72 hours. Further instenifying was steady and Owen remained a Category 4 hurricane, at a consistant pace. A warmer environment contributed to Owen having a strong potential to become Category 5 hurricane status. However, on October 1, the chances were slim due to unbalanced convection currents west of the hurricane. Nevertheless, Owen peaked at its intensity of 155 mph (250 km/h), 922 hPa (27.23 inHg) on October 1 at 1800 UTC. The powerful hurricane remained Category 4 status for a total of 120 hours.


Widespread destruction was reported throughout the Cape Verde Islands with mininal damages. The United States East Coast was struck with strong winds and high surf. 1 person died on the Outer Banks, Carolina. Only $10 million USD was totaled in damages.

Hurricane Pippa[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Pippa Pippa 2023 track
DurationSeptember 30 – October 3
Peak intensity85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min) 995 mbar (hPa)

Originally a tropical storm, but was reclassified as a Category 1 hurricane in post-analysis

Tropical Storm Russell[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Russell Russell 2023 track
DurationSeptember 30 – October 4
Peak intensity60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min) 1001 mbar (hPa)

Disturbed low pressure

Hurricane Sonya[]

Category 5 hurricane (SSHWS)
Sonya Sonya 2023 track
DurationSeptember 30 – October 17
Peak intensity180 mph (285 km/h) (1-min) 900 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Sonya was a catastrophic tropical cyclone that stalled over the Yucatan Peninsula for nearly 4 days, resulting in almost 10,000 deaths, making it the third deadliest Atlantic hurricane, only behind Hurricane Mitch in 1998 and the 1780 hurricane.

Hurricane Tyrone[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Tyrone Tyrone 2023 track
DurationOctober 3 – October 9
Peak intensity85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min) 982 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Tyrone (2023)

A low pressure system forms in the Atlantic Ocean and becomes a tropical depression on October 3. It continues to strengthen making no threat to land. In post analysis, meteorologists found that the remnants of Tyrone were expected to make landfall to Greenland. This would have been one out the two occurences that year.

Tropical Depression Twenty-One[]

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
21L 21-L 2023 track
DurationOctober 5 – October 6
Peak intensity30 mph (45 km/h) (1-min) 1005 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Vega[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Vega Vega 2023 track
DurationOctober 9 – October 13
Peak intensity80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min) 989 mbar (hPa)

Surfa

Great Britain Wind Storm (Weston)[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Hurricane Shary 2010-10-30 1424Z Weston 2023 track
DurationOctober 15 – October 16
Peak intensity40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min) 1009 mbar (hPa)

In the morning hours of October 15, NHC began observing an extremely rare frontal low forming of the coast of France, in the Bay of Biscay. Later in the day, advisories were soon issued for a very small depression that would soon make minor impact on the British Isles. This began making new records for highest latitude for a storm to form on.

Hurricane Alpha[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Alpha Alpha 2023 track
DurationOctober 19 – October 24
Peak intensity75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min) 989 mbar (hPa)

Tropical wave

Hurricane Beta[]

Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS)
Beta Beta 2023 track
DurationOctober 25 – November 4
Peak intensity115 mph (185 km/h) (1-min) 960 mbar (hPa)

Tropical wave

Hurricane Gamma[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
AtlanticGamma Gamma 2023 track
DurationOctober 30 – November 2
Peak intensity85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min) 982 mbar (hPa)

Mesozoic low

Tropical Depression Twenty-Seven[]

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
27L 27-L 2023 track
DurationNovember 5 – November 7
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min) 1007 mbar (hPa)

Frontal low Degenerated into a remnant low before entering the Gulf of Mexico. The remnants later split into trough that spawned a new area of low pressure which moved rapidly northeast and developed into a nor'easter.

Subtropical Depression Twenty-Eight[]

Subtropical depression (SSHWS)
28L-2023 28-L 2023 track
DurationNovember 10 – November 11
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min) 999 mbar (hPa)

Weakening ridge Absorbed into the nor'easter that developed from the trough associated with Tropical Depression Twenty-Seven

Tropical Storm Delta[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Delta2 Delta 2023 track
DurationNovember 13 – November 16
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min) 998 mbar (hPa)

Tropical wave

Tropical Storm Epsilon[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Epsilon Epsilon 2023 track
DurationNovember 15 – November 18
Peak intensity60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min) 998 mbar (hPa)

Upper level low

Hurricane Zeta[]

Category 5 hurricane (SSHWS)
Zeta Zeta 2023 track
DurationNovember 20 – December 5
Peak intensity175 mph (280 km/h) (1-min) 905 mbar (hPa)

Tropical wave

Hurricane Eta[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Eta Eta 2023 track
DurationNovember 29 – December 6
Peak intensity75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min) 991 mbar (hPa)

Non-tropical area of low The remnants of Eta continued northeast toward Mid US and Eastern Canada bringing significant rain and snowfall to many areas.

Tropical Depression Thirty-Three[]

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
33L 33-L 2023 track
DurationDecember 5 – December 8
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min) 1000 mbar (hPa)

An outflow boundary formed a few hundred miles south of Louisiana. The low moved south then looped before forming into a tropical depression. The track of the system was very different from those that formed in the Gulf of Mexico. The depression was expected to loop one more time before dissipating over Louisiana. However, a ridge associated with a strong low pressure caused the system to slow and move east then northeastward. Losing characteristics from being absorbed by the ridge, the system dissipated in the middle of the Gulf and the strengthening system would move inland causing major flooding to the Mid United States and the Great Lakes Region.

Subtropical Storm Theta[]

Subtropical storm (SSHWS)
Theta2023 Theta 2023 track
DurationDecember 9 – December 13
Peak intensity70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min) 975 mbar (hPa)

A far north upper-level low and a surface low pressure system formed on December 9 as a subtropical cyclone with sustained winds of 70 mph, receiving the name Theta. The system was very rare, as it is the only system to form as a high-end tropical or subtropical cyclone at a high latitude and it was also a very late forming system, latest since Tropical Storm Zeta of 2005. The system moved east away from the Maritime provinces at a fast moving pace. Theta remained limited from changing wind speeds, causing high storm surge in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. Only one person was injured during this time on December 10. Record breaking snowfall and rainfall amounts were archived throughout December 9–12. At least 500 mm of rain was recorded in St. John's, Newfoundland, and 2.6 m of snow fell in areas, such as Sydney, Nova Scotia, surrounding Theta's starting path. On December 11, Theta began to move northward, and started to loose steam. On December 13, the system became extratropical and still remained on its journey north. The remnants of Theta were felt throughout southwestern Greenland, Ireland, and The Netherlands. Only C$2 million worth of damages and no deaths were recorded and season had finally came to a finishing relief.

Storm names and retirement[]

The following names were used to name storms that reached tropical or subtropical storm intensity in the North Atlantic Ocean during 2023. This list was used for the first time since the original name lists were replaced. This name list had all its names, along with 8 Greek Alphabet names used during the season.

  • Alec
  • Bessie
  • Chester
  • Deena
  • Edie
  • Fredine
  • Grant
  • Hana
  • Iron
  • Jemima
  • Kenny
  • Lilli
  • Mike
  • Nina
  • Owen
  • Pippa
  • Russell
  • Sonya
  • Tyrone
  • Vega
  • Weston
  • Alpha
  • Beta
  • Gamma
  • Delta
  • Epsilon
  • Zeta
  • Eta
  • Theta

Due to the amount of damages, deaths and/or rare activity caused, the names "Chester", "Iron", "Jemima", "Owen", "Sonya", and "Weston" were removed from List 4 of the rotating cyclones lists. The names were replaced with Cameron, Ignatius, Jordon, Namina, Oden, Shannon, and Wilson. However, the names Grant and Nina, were not retired. Despite causing a lot of damage to the Greater Antilles and Central America, the two storms formed in or around the Caribbean Sea, which had a remarkable increase in activity over a 10 year period. This resulting in no retirement.

On the names list below, names in bold represent that the names that were replaced

  • Alec
  • Bessie
  • Cameron
  • Deena
  • Edie
  • Fredine
  • Grant
  • Hana
  • Ignatius
  • Jordon
  • Kenny
  • Lilli
  • Mike
  • Nina
  • Oden
  • Pippa
  • Russell
  • Shannon
  • Tyrone
  • Vega
  • Wilson

Hurricanes Beta and Zeta caused a lot of damage, caused some deaths, and formed at a high hurricane strength at a certain time. Unfortuately, they cannot be retired or replaced by another name since they are Greek Alphabet names and there is lack of replacement.

Season effects[]

This is a table of the storms and their effects in the 2023 Atlantic hurricane season. This table includes the storm's names, duration, peak intensity, Areas affected (bold indicates made landfall in that region at least once), damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but are still storm-related. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave or a low. All of the damage figures are in 2023 USD (the listed damage figure is in millions).

Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
2023 Atlantic tropical cyclone season statistics
Storm
name
Dates active Storm category
at peak intensity
Max 1-min
wind
mph (km/h)
Min.
press.
(mbar)
Areas affected Damage
(USD)
Deaths


Unnamed May 2 – 5 Subtropical storm 60 (95) 994 Eastern Canada 0.758 4 (1)
Alec July 17 – 21 Category 1 tropical cyclone 80 (130) 987 Nicaragua, Honduras, Mexico 1.5 7
Bessie July 19 – 21 Tropical storm 40 (65) 1005 Bahamas, Southeastern United States, Bermuda Minimal 1(1)
Chester July 31 – August 11 Category 5 tropical cyclone 160 (260) 913 Windward Islands, Virgin Islands, Hispaniola , Cuba, Yucatan Peninsula, Quintana Roo, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Missouri ≥4200 82 (130)
Deena August 2 – 10 Category 4 tropical cyclone 150 (240) 937 US East Coast Minimal None)
Edie August 14 – 17 Tropical storm 60 (95) 997 Southeastern United States, Atlantic Canada 0.02 None
Fredine August 15 – 17 Tropical storm 60 (95) 1000 Eastern United States, Atlantic Canada, Ireland None None
Fredine August 15 – 17 Tropical storm 60 (95) 1000 Eastern United States (Florida), Atlantic Canada, Ireland None None
Grant August 23 – 30 Category 2 tropical cyclone 100 (155) 962 Windward Islands, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic,Turks and Caicos, The Bahamas, South Atlantic States, Northeastern United States, Eastern Canada, Europe 900 23 (7)
Hana August 24 – 28 Category 2 tropical cyclone 65 (100) 995 Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, Turks and Caicos, Bermuda Minimal None
Iron August 31 – September 21 Category 5 tropical cyclone 200 (325) 867 Southern Liberia,Lesser Antilles, Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Cuba, Quintana Roo, Yucatan Peninsula, Southeastern United States, The Bahamas, Bermuda, Eastern Canada, Azores, Western Europe, Northern Africa, Arabian Peninsula ≥190000 ~7,960 (10,308)
Jemina September 3 – 12 Category 3 tropical cyclone 120 (195) 950 Carolinas, Ohio Valley, Southern Ontario, Quebec 3700 18 (2)
Kenny September 7 – 13 Category 1 tropical cyclone 80 (130) 983 Yucatan Peninsula, Southern United States (Louisiana, Florida) Bermuda, Ireland, Great Britain, Faroe Islands None None
Lilli September 10 – 14 Category 1 tropical cyclone 90 (150) 976 Trinidad and Tobago, Northern Venezuela 500 870
Mike September 15 – 19 Category 2 tropical cyclone 105 (165) 965 Azores Minimal None
Nina September 19 – 26 Category 2 tropical cyclone 105 (165) 968 Lesser Antilles, Belize, Southern Mexico 1100 345 (278)
Owen September 25 – October 10 Category 4 tropical cyclone 155 (250) 925 Cape Verde Islands, US East Coast, Newfoundland, Greenland, Europe 872.5 5
Pippa September 30 – October 4 Category 1 tropical cyclone 85 (140) 995 Mexico, Texas Minimal None
Russell September 30 – October 3 Tropical storm 60 (95) 1001 Central America (Nicaragua, Honduras, Belize), Mexico None None
Sonya October 1 – 16 Category 5 tropical cyclone 180 (285) 900 Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, Northern Venezuela, Aruba, Curaco, Colombia, Central America, Mexico, West Cuba, Bahamas, Eastern United States, Eastern Canada, Northern Canada 30000 4,523 (5,130)
Tyrone October 3 – 8 Category 1 tropical cyclone 85 (140) 982 None None None
Twenty-One October 5 – 7 Tropical depression 30 (45) 1005 US East Coast, Atlantic Canada 0.2 4
Vega October 9 – 13 Category 1 tropical cyclone 80 (130) 989 Turks and Caicos, Northeastern United States, Eastern Canada 30 7
Weston October 15 – 16 Tropical storm 40 (65) 1009 Portugal, British Isles (Wales, England), Northern France 0.995 None
Alpha October 19 – 23 Category 1 tropical cyclone 75 (120) 989 None None None
Beta October 25 – November 5 Category 3 tropical cyclone 115 (185) 960 Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America 950 78 (13)
Gamma October 30 – November 2 Category 3 tropical cyclone 85 (140) 982 Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Maine 2 None
Twenty-Seven November 5 – 7 Tropical depression 35 (55) 1007 Honduras, Nicaragua, Cuba Minimal 3
Twenty-Eight November 10 – 11 Tropical depression 35 (55) 999 Mid-Atlantic States Minimal None
Delta November 13 – 16 Tropical storm 50 (85) 998 Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Azores, Ireland, Scotland, Iceland 80 45 (3)
Epsilon November 15 – 18 Tropical storm 60 (95) 998 Azores, Western Portugal, France 4.78 3
Zeta November 20 – December 5 Category 5 tropical cyclone 175 (280) 905 Jamaica, Cuba, Haiti, Bahamas, Turks and Caicos, Bermuda, United States East Coast, Atlantic Canada, Iceland, Faroe Islands, Scandinavia 10345.7 2,300 (1,621)
Eta November 29 – December 6 Category 1 tropical cyclone 75 (120) 991 Southern United States (Louisiana, Mississippi), Ohio Valley, Great Lakes region 20 None
Thirty-Three December 5 – 8 Tropical depression 35 (55) 1000 None None None
Theta December 9 – 13 Subtropical storm 70 (110) 975 Canadian Maritimes, Western Greenland, British Isles, The Netherlands 2 None
Season aggregates
34 systems May 2 – December 13   200 (325) 867 ≥$248.348 billion 16,289 (17,493)

Accumulated cyclone energy (ACE)[]

ACE (104 kt2) – Storm: Source
1 81.0 Iron 16 4.28 Alpha
2 59.8 Owen 17 3.53 Alec
3 41.8 Sonya 18 3.39 Eta
4 35.1 Zeta 19 2.89 Vega
5 30.6 Chester 20 2.62 Epsilon
6 20.5 Deena 21 2.28 Theta
7 18.2 Jemima 22 1.84 Edie
8 11.6 Grant 23 1.86 Hana
9 9.65 Beta 24 1.79 Unnamed
10 7.73 Nina 25 1.54 Delta
11 7.04 Tyrone 26 1.46 Pippa
12 6.86 Mike 27 1.10 Russell
13 4.59 Gamma 28 0.985 Fredine
14 4.52 Lilli 29 0.49 Bessie
15 4.46 Kenny 30 0.443 Weston
Total=373.9 (record)

References[]

External links[]

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