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Disclaimer: This season is not based of models of real 1995 Storms. All of these storms are based of my own thought but there is relation in real storms and Force Thirteen's WMHB seasons, but not exact tracks, categories, wind speeds, and pressure. 

The 1995 Atlantic Hurricane Season is a hyper-active season, with 30 storms forming. The season officially began on June 1, 1995, and lasted until November 30, 1995.

It is the most active season at that time, until being tied for 2005 and surpassed by 2011. It is also a very destructive season, and has the most amount of major hurricanes, with the number of 13. It is also the first season to use Greek names, with the next being 1996. Out of 13 major hurricanes, five of them - Sebastien, Wendy, Delta, Zeta and Eta, are responsible of most of the destruction. Delta causes a lot of damage, amounting $120 billion (1995 USD), making it costliest at that time, and first to do a Category 5 landfall since Dana. Delta causes 388 deaths, and leaving the hard hit areas a pile of rubble. Sebastien is another destructive hurricane, slashing the Caribbean up to Atlantic Canada, causing $40 billion (1995 USD) worth of damage. Wendy, Zeta and Eta are another destructive hurricanes, which affects different areas. Other storms are moderately destructive, such as Gabrielle, Hugo, Jerry, Karen, Beta, and Opal. This season uses 9 Greek names, which also tied with 2005 but 2011 has more.

Seasonal forecasts[]

Predictions of tropical activity in the 1995 season
Source Date Named
storms
Hurricanes Major
hurricanes
CSU December 1994 17 11 5
WRC February 20 13 7
CSU April 18 12 5
CSU June 17 10 6
Actual activity 30 22 13

Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by noted hurricane experts such as Dr. William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University (CSU) and the Weather Research Center (WRC).

In late 1994, CSU predicted that the season will be hyper-active, with 17 tropical storms, 11 hurricanes and 5 major hurricanes. CSU noted an above average season due to expectations that the existing El Niño would dissipate, while a La Niña would develop by the summer of 1995. A year with heavier precipitation in this region usually correlates with an active Atlantic hurricane season. In April 1995, CSU slightly revised their forecast, increasing the number of named storms to 18, hurricanes to 12, and major hurricanes to 5. However, in June, CSU reverted to their December forecast, with some modifications, which called for 17 named storms, 10 hurricanes, and 6 major hurricanes. The forecast by the WRC in February was 20 named storms, 13 hurricanes, and 7 major hurricanes.

Season summary[]

Seasonal Activity[]

The Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, and activity in 1995 began on the next day with the formation of Hurricane Alicia on June 2. It was a record active season in which 30 tropical depressions formed, 30 of which attained tropical storm status, 22 of these attained hurricane status and 13 of which attained major hurricane status.  At the time, it was the most active season on record. It is now the second most active season alongside 2005. The 1995 season would be the beginning of an active period in the Atlantic basin, which has lasted for over 20 years.  The last storm of the season, Hurricane Iota, became extratropical on November 3, over four weeks before the official end of the season on November 30.

Tropical cyclogenesis in the 1995 Atlantic hurricane season began with the development of Hurricane Alicia on June 2. A total of eleven storms formed in August — Iris, Jerry, Karen, Luis, Michelle, Noel, Opal, Pablo, Roxanne, Sebastien and Tanya — making the season with most number of storms formed in August at that time. Although September is the climatological peak of hurricane season, it was much less active than August. Seven tropical cyclones developed in September, with Wendy, Beta, Delta and Epsilon, eventually strengthening into hurricanes. Four tropical cyclones also formed in October. The last storm of the season, Hurricane Iota, developed later in October and eventually became extratropical on November 3.

Storm Summary[]

Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale

June and July[]

Just two days after the official start of the season, Hurricane Alicia formed. Alicia makes landfall on Florida as a category 2, causing 15 deaths and $80 million (1995 USD) in damage.

Hurricane Earl (1998)

Alicia while on Gulf

Tropical Storm Barry formed in the Caribbean Sea on June 9, and makes landfall on Mexico as a tropical storm. The storm causes minimal damage.

Tropical Storm Chelsea almost did as same as Barry, but a bit southwesterly. Like Barry, Chelsea causes minimal damage and 4 fatalities.

Hurricane Dorian moves northeastward and slashes Newfoundland as a minimal hurricane. It relatively causes minimal impact and no deaths.

As a tropical wave, it moves westward, becoming Tropical Storm Erin. Due to favorable conditions, Erin became a moderately strong hurricane, with no damage reported although huge waves reported in some areas.

800px-Hurricane Dolly July 23, 2008

Gabrielle while making landfall

Tropical Storm Felix strikes Mexico as a tropical storm, causing $7 million damage (1995 USD).

On July 25, Hurricane Gabrielle formed. Once it entered the Gulf, it became a hurricane. It hits Texas as a category 2, causing moderate damage with an amount of $325 million (1995 USD) and 52 deaths, mostly caused by drowning.

Two days after Gabrielle formed, Hurricane Hugo forms at the Atlantic and threatened the Gulf Coast. Hugo strengthened into category 4 while on Gulf, causing people to evacuate. Hugo hits Texas as a tropical storm, but it still causes $280 million (1995 USD) in damage and 31 deaths.

August[]

Hurricane Felix (1995)

Jerry while strengthening on open waters.

Tropical Storm Iris formed and hits Mexico, but still not cause any major damage or deaths.

Hurricane Jerry formed on eastern Atlantic, and the conditions were favorable. Jerry strengthened to a high-end category 4 with peak winds of 250 kph and 916 mbar. It causes swells and some damage on Bermuda when Jerry was crossing as a category 2. It posed a threat to New England but did not strike the area or directly affect it. Jerry still causes $300 million (1995 USD) and 5 deaths, mostly on Bermuda.

On August 7, Karen forms, and hits Mexico as a category 2. It caused $110 million (1995 USD) of damage, and also killed 12 people.

Hurricane Luis formed on August 8, It strengthened into a weak hurricane, but also not further strengthened as it become extratropical on August 15.

Hurricane Felix 14 sept 2001 1653Z

Michelle while weakening.

Hurricane Michelle formed on August 21, and favorable conditions allowed Michelle to strengthen. Michelle reached it's peak of 230 kph winds and 942 mbar. No damage or fatalities were associated with the storm.

Hurricane Noel also become a category 4 hurricane, with peak winds of 230 kph and 945 mbar. Noel did not caused any damage or deaths.

On August 22, Hurricane Opal formed. and hits Florida as a category 1. Opal caused heavy winds, flooding and storm surge in Florida, and ended up causing $520 million (1995 USD) worth of damage and 8 deaths. Most of the deaths were caused by drowning.

Tropical Storm Pablo hits Mexico as a tropical storm, causing minimal damage and 2 deaths. The one were caused by a landslide and another from drowning.

Hurricane Hugo (1989) - Caribbean

Sebastien while nearing Caribbean.

Hurricane Roxanne formed in the open waters with warmer temperatures and low wind shear, allowing it to strengthen. It became category 4 hurricane. However, it caused minimal damage due to it is far from landmass. Two deaths were reported.

Hurricane Sebastien formed in late-August and due to favorable conditions. It strengthened into a major hurricane quick and become a Category 4 while approaching Caribbean. It weakened into category 3, but still slashed Caribbean with it's major hurricane force winds. It strengthened into category 5, with peak winds of 305 kph and pressure of 895 mbar. It threatened the East Coast, and goes northeastward, but the eye is so close to the landmass so catastrophic damage is reported. It caused further damage in New England until it turns extratropical. Overall, it caused $40 billion (1995 USD) and 564 fatalities.

Hurricane Tanya formed in Eastern Atlantic and become a minimal hurricane. It does not cause any damage or deaths in it's path.

September[]

Hurricane Hortense 12 sept 1996 1800Z

Wendy after affecting Caribbean.

Tropical Storm Van formed on September 8, and does not cause any damage or deaths.

Hurricane Wendy formed on September 10 and moved northwestward while strengthening. It makes landfall on Hispaniola as a category 3, and further intensified into category 4. However, it turned north and weakened and become extratropical on September 19. Wendy caused $6 billion (1995 USD) damage and 74 deaths on it's path.

Tropical Storm Alpha formed in Caribbean Sea, and hits Mexico as a tropical storm. It causes minimal damage and 8 deaths,

Hurricane Beta formed on September 16, and strengthened to Category 1 hurricane. It causes moderate damage amounting to $250 million and 12 deaths in it's path, mostly in Gulf Coast.

10wTQZPQN5pT

Delta wile nearing Gulf Coast

Tropical Storm Gamma formed on September 18, and dissipated three days later. No damages were associated with the storm.

Hurricane Delta formed on September 23. It strengthened into Category 1 hurricane while hitting Yucatan. After re-entering the Gulf, it moves northeastward and become a category 5 hurricane with peak winds of 345 kph and 886 mbar, making one of the strongest hurricanes. It hits the Gulf Coast as a category 5 hurricane, causing catastrophic damage in Louisiana, Alabama and Mississippi. It's Category 5 force winds, storm surge, and heavy rainfall halted relief efforts in the area. Overall, Delta caused $120 billion (1995 USD) damage and 388 deaths, mostly from drowning. Delta is one of the costliest hurricanes at that time and one of the never-forget hurricanes in history.

Hurricane Epsilon is formed on September 25, and threatens the Caribbean. However, Epsilon turned north after becoming category 3 and only caused $75 million (1995 USD) and 8 deaths.

October[]

Hurricane Marilyn 16 sept 1995 1811Z

Zeta while crossing eastern Caribbean.

On early October, Hurricane Zeta formed. threatens the Caribbean while in it's peak intensity. It passes near the Caribbean, causing $3.8 billion (1995 USD) and 13 deaths.

Hurricane Eta formed in Caribbean Sea. It become a strong hurricane which crossed Yucatan and makes a small loop. It hits Mexico as a weak tropical storm. It overall causes $5.2 billion (1995 USD) in damage and 185 deaths.

Hurricane Theta formed near Caribbean, but strengthened far from the landmass. It caused some swells in Bermuda before becoming extratropical. It causes $20 million (1995 USD) damage and 22 deaths.

Hurricane Iota, the last storm of the season, formed in the Central Atlantic. It strengthen into category 2 hurricane, causing no damage or deaths, even though it caused rainfall on Azores. It become extratropical on November 3.

Systems[]

Hurricane Alicia[]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hermine 2016-09-01 1625Z Hurricane Alicia (1995)
DurationJune 2 – June 7
Peak intensity100 mph (155 km/h) (1-min) 980 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Storm Barry[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
TS Fay 06 sept 2002 1915Z Tropical Storm Barry (1995)
DurationJune 9 – June 13
Peak intensity45 mph (75 km/h) (1-min) 1003 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Storm Chelsea[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Danielle 2016-06-20 1940Z Tropical Storm Chelsea (1995)
DurationJune 15 – June 22
Peak intensity65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min) 992 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Dorian[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Iris 2 September 1995 Hurricane Dorian (1995)
DurationJuly 5 – July 10
Peak intensity75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min) 978 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Erin[]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Lisa 2010-09-24 2200Z Hurricane Erin (1995)
DurationJuly 9 – July 18
Peak intensity105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min) 972 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Storm Felix[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
06L Aug 25 2013 1710Z Tropical Storm Felix (1995)
DurationJuly 13 – July 15
Peak intensity40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min) 1002 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Gabrielle[]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Dolly July 23, 2008 Hurricane Gabrielle (1995)
DurationJuly 25 – August 1
Peak intensity110 mph (175 km/h) (1-min) 968 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Hugo[]

Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Lili- Peak Hurricane Hugo (1995)
DurationJuly 27 – August 4
Peak intensity140 mph (220 km/h) (1-min) 940 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Storm Iris[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Dolly Suomi NPP Sept 2 2014 Tropical Storm Iris (1995)
DurationAugust 3 – August 5
Peak intensity45 mph (75 km/h) (1-min) 998 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Jerry[]

Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Felix 12 aug 1995 1747Z Hurricane Jerry (1995)
DurationAugust 6 – August 25
Peak intensity155 mph (250 km/h) (1-min) 916 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Karen[]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
Danny aug 15 1985 1409Z Hurricane Karen (1995)
DurationAugust 7 – August 13
Peak intensity105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min) 968 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Luis[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Floyd (1993) Hurricane Luis (1995)
DurationAugust 8 – August 15
Peak intensity90 mph (150 km/h) (1-min) 969 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Michelle[]

Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
Claudette 7 September 1991 Hurricane Michelle (1995)
DurationAugust 21 – September 2
Peak intensity140 mph (220 km/h) (1-min) 942 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Noel[]

Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
Bertha 07 july 2008 1630Z Hurricane Noel (1995)
DurationAugust 22 – September 5
Peak intensity140 mph (220 km/h) (1-min) 945 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Opal[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Erin AVHRR High res Hurricane Opal (1995)
DurationAugust 22 – August 28
Peak intensity80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min) 977 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Storm Pablo[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
TSJose 2005 Tropical Storm Pablo (1995) (2)
DurationAugust 24 – August 26
Peak intensity40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min) 1003 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Roxanne[]

Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Edouard 26 aug 1996 1744Z Hurricane Roxanne (1995)
DurationAugust 26 – September 6
Peak intensity140 mph (220 km/h) (1-min) 939 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Sebastien[]

Category 5 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Earl 2010-09-01 1801Z Hurricane Sebastien (1995)
DurationAugust 28 – September 13
Peak intensity190 mph (305 km/h) (1-min) 895 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Tanya[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
TS Nicholas 17 oct 2003 1345Z Hurricane Tanya (1995)
DurationAugust 29 – September 6
Peak intensity80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min) 983 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Storm Van[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
TD Six 2003 Tropical Storm Van (1995)
DurationSeptember 8 – September 12
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min) 1002 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Wendy[]

Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Hortense 12 sept 1996 1800Z Hurricane Wendy (1995)
DurationSeptember 10 – September 19
Peak intensity150 mph (240 km/h) (1-min) 923 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Storm Alpha[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Erika Aug 16 2003 1655Z Tropical Storm Alpha (1995)
DurationSeptember 14 – September 18
Peak intensity65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min) 993 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Beta[]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Florence 09 sept 1988 2203Z Hurricane Beta (1995)
DurationSeptember 16 – September 21
Peak intensity85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min) 970 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Storm Gamma[]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Chantal Jul 8 2013 1655Z Tropical Storm Gamma (1995)
DurationSeptember 18 – September 21
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min) 998 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Delta[]

Category 5 hurricane (SSHWS)
10wTQZPQN5pT Hurricane Delta (1995)
DurationSeptember 23 – October 6
Peak intensity215 mph (345 km/h) (1-min) 886 mbar (hPa)

Main Article: Hurricane Delta (1995, Farm River)

Hurricane Epsilon[]

Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS)
Danielle Aug 27 2010 1740Z Hurricane Epsilon (1995)
DurationSeptember 25 – October 7
Peak intensity120 mph (195 km/h) (1-min) 958 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Zeta[]

Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Marilyn 16 sept 1995 1811Z Hurricane Zeta (1995)
DurationOctober 4 – October 14
Peak intensity120 mph (195 km/h) (1-min) 962 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Eta[]

Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Roxanne 10 oct 1995 1855Z Hurricane Eta (1995)
DurationOctober 6 – October 20
Peak intensity130 mph (215 km/h) (1-min) 946 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Theta[]

Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS)
Charley 24 sept 1992 1745Z Hurricane Theta (1995)
DurationOctober 19 – October 28
Peak intensity115 mph (185 km/h) (1-min) 972 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Iota[]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
Hurricane Nicole 30 nov 1998 1719Z Hurricane Iota (1995)
DurationOctober 27 – November 3
Peak intensity100 mph (155 km/h) (1-min) 965 mbar (hPa)

Storm Names[]

Here are the storm names used in the 1995 season. The names not retired will be used again in the 2001 season. This is the same list used in 1989 except for Michelle, which replaces Marilyn. This is also the first season to use the Greek alphabet. The names Michelle, Van, Wendy, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon, Zeta, Eta, Theta, Iota were used for the first time.

  • Alicia
  • Barry
  • Chelsea
  • Dorian
  • Erin
  • Felix
  • Gabrielle
  • Hugo
  • Iris
  • Jerry
  • Karen
  • Luis
  • Michelle
  • Noel
  • Opal
  • Pablo
  • Roxanne
  • Sebastien
  • Tanya
  • Van
  • Wendy

Greek Names

  • Alpha
  • Beta
  • Gamma
  • Delta
  • Epsilon
  • Zeta
  • Eta
  • Theta
  • Iota

Retirement[]

In the spring of 1996, the World Meteorological Organization retired five names: Sebastien, Wendy, Delta, Zeta and Eta due to loss of life and damage caused by these storms. This will be replaced by Steve and Winona for 2001 Season.

In 1996, the World Meteorological Organization determined that a Greek name can be retired in a particular season, but will be reused if needed in the future.

Season Effects[]

1995 What-might-have-been Atlantic Hurricane Season season statistics
Storm
name
Dates active Storm category
at peak intensity
Max 1-min
wind
mph (km/h)
Min.
press.
(mbar)
Areas affected Damage
(USD)
Deaths
Alicia June 2 - June 7 Category 2 hurricane 100 mph (155 kph) 980 Yucatan Peninsula, Gulf Coast, Bermuda 80 15
Barry June 9 - June 13 Tropical storm 45 mph (75 kph) 1003 Cuba, Yucatan, Mexico and Texas 12 8
Chelsea June 16 - June 22 Tropical storm 65 mph (100 kph) 992 mbar Cuba, Yucatan, Mexico, 17 4
Dorian July 5 - July 10 Category 1 hurricane 75 mph (120 kph) 978 Bahamas, Newfoundland Minimal None
Erin July 9 - July 18 Category 2 hurricane 105 mph (165 kph) 972 Bermuda None None
Felix July 13 - July 15 Tropical storm 40 mph (65 kph) 1002 Belize, Yucatan, Mexico 7 None
Gabrielle July 25 - August 1 Category 2 hurricane 110 mph (175 kph) 968 Cuba, Florida, Mexico, Texas 375 52
Hugo July 27 - August 4 Category 4 hurricane 140 mph (220 kph) 940 Cuba, Florida, Texas, Louisiana 280 31
Iris August 3 - August 5 Tropical storm 45 mph (75 kph) 998 Yucatan, Mexico 12 2
Jerry August 6 - August 25 Category 4 hurricane 155 mph (250 kph) 916 New England, Cape Verde, Bermuda, Azores 300 5
Karen August 7 - August 13 Category 2 hurricane 105 mph (165 kph) 968 Cuba, Mexico 110 12
Luis August 8 - August 15 Category 1 hurricane 90 mph (150 kph) 967 None None None
Michelle August 21 - September 2 Category 4 hurricane 140 mph (220 kph) 942 Cape Verde, Azores None None
Noel August 22 - September 5 Category 4 hurricane 140 mph (220 kph) 945 None None None
Opal August 22 - August 28 Category 1 hurricane 80 mph (130 kph) 977 Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Bahamas, Cuba 520 8
Pablo August 24 - August 26 Tropical storm 40 mph (65 kph) 1003 Mexico Minimal 2
Roxanne August 26 - September 6 Category 4 hurricane 140 mph (220 kph) 939 Bermuda, East Coast Minimal 2
Sebastien August 28 - September 13 Category 5 hurricane 190 mph (305 kph) 895 Cape Verde, Eastern Caribbean, Bahamas, East Coast, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland 40000 564
Tanya August 29 - September 6 Category 1 hurricane 80 mph (130 kph) 983 Cape Verde None None
Van September 8 - September 12 Tropical storm 50 mph(85 kph) 1002 None None None
Wendy September 10 - September 19 Category 4 hurricane 150 mph (240 kph) 923 Lesser Antilles, Hispaniola, New York, Nova Scotia 6000 74
Alpha September 14 - September 18 Tropical storm 65 mph (100 kph) 993 Mexico, Texas, Yucatan 20 8
Beta September 16 - September 21 Category 1 hurricane 85 mph (140 kph) 970 Cuba, Alabama, Florida 250 12
Gamma September 18 - September 21 Tropical storm 50 mph (85 kph) 998 None None None
Delta September 23 - October 6 Category 5 hurricane 215 mph (345 kph) 886 Yucatan, Belize, Lesser Antilles, Jamaica, Mexico, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana 120000 388
Epsilon September 25 - October 7 Category 3 hurricane 120 mph (195 kph) 958 Newfoundland 75 8
Zeta October 4 - October 14 Category 3 hurricane 120 mph (195 kph) 962 Lesser Antilles, Bermuda, Newfoundland 3800 13
Eta October 6 - October 20 Category 4 hurricane 130 mph (215 kph) 946 Belize, Yucatan, Honduras, Texas, Mexico 5200 185
Theta October 19 - October 28 Category 3 hurricane 115 mph (185 kph) 972 Lesser Antilles, Bermuda, Newfoundland 20 22
Iota October 27 - November 3 Category 2 hurricane 100 mph (155 kph) 965 Azores None None
Season aggregates
30 systems June 2 - November 3   215 mph (345 kph) 886 $176.953 billion (1995 USD) 1415
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